High-flow nasal cannula: a kinder, gentler CPAP?

1 he Kaiser HMO system may limit the generalizability of heir results. It is possible that the observed risks are understimates of those that would be observed in a less-advantaged opulation. In conclusion, Petrini et al have provided important ew information about the long-term prognosis of infants orn at late preterm gestational ages. Pediatricians and other roviders of care to late preterm infants should be more igilant for potential neurocognitive problems in their folow-up of such infants. But this new information should also ive us cause for concern about ovulation stimulation and ultiple embryo transfer, and particularly about the rising rate f labor induction. We need to pose the question of whether ore frequent induction might be doing more harm than ood. Future observational studies with clinically detailed atabases from HMOs and other health care systems should ttempt to fill gaps with respect to additional potentially onfounding factors—particularly pregnancy complications, abor induction, and other underlying maternal and fetal auses of preterm birth. It may be, however, that the issue of ow much labor induction is too much can be adequately ddressed only with a randomized trial of labor induction at 4 to 36 weeks for specific maternal or fetal indications. In the eantime, obstetricians, pediatricians, and other care providrs should inform pregnant women of the long-term risks